Low income families and individuals can get free health insurance through Medicaid, the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP), and subsidized ACA marketplace plans. Over 85 million Americans receive free or nearly free health coverage through these government programs.
No one should go without health insurance due to cost. Between Medicaid expansion, CHIP, marketplace subsidies, and community health center services, affordable health coverage options exist for every income level in every state.
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Medicaid - Free Health Insurance
Medicaid provides free health insurance to low income individuals, children, pregnant women, elderly individuals, and people with disabilities. In the 40 states that expanded Medicaid, individuals with household incomes up to 138% of the Federal Poverty Level (approximately $20,783 for an individual) qualify for free coverage.
Medicaid covers comprehensive health services including doctor visits, hospital stays, prescriptions, mental health services, maternity care, preventive care, lab tests, and more. Most Medicaid recipients have no monthly premiums and minimal or zero copayments.
CHIP for Children
CHIP provides free or low-cost health insurance for children in families that earn too much for Medicaid but cannot afford private insurance. Income limits for CHIP vary by state but generally cover children in families up to 200-300% of the Federal Poverty Level. CHIP covers doctor visits, hospital care, dental, vision, prescriptions, and more.
ACA Marketplace Plans
The Health Insurance Marketplace at HealthCare.gov offers subsidized plans for individuals and families who do not qualify for Medicaid. Premium tax credits reduce monthly premiums, and many low income enrollees pay $0 per month for a Silver-level plan. Cost-sharing reductions lower deductibles and copayments for households below 250% FPL.
How to Enroll
Enrollment Steps
- Medicaid/CHIP: Apply at HealthCare.gov, your state Medicaid office, or by calling 1-800-318-2596
- Marketplace: Enroll at HealthCare.gov during open enrollment or after a qualifying life event
- Help: Free enrollment assistance is available through certified navigators and assisters
Frequently Asked Questions
Apply for Medicaid at HealthCare.gov or through your state Medicaid office. If your income is below 138% FPL in expansion states, you qualify for free Medicaid. Children may qualify for free CHIP coverage at higher income levels.
Medicaid covers doctor visits, hospital stays, prescriptions, mental health, maternity care, preventive care, lab tests, dental (varies by state), vision, and more. Children receive comprehensive coverage including dental and vision in all states.
Yes, Medicaid covers individuals with no income in states that expanded Medicaid. If your state did not expand Medicaid, you may qualify for marketplace plans with premium tax credits or receive free care at community health centers.
